Did You Know...

• On a national level, women represent 51.2% of the adult population, African Americans represent 12.4%, and Latinos represent 9.5%. 
• 69% of all doctors are white men, 22% are white women, 4% are Black, and only 5% are Latino.
• 70% of all lawyers are white men, 24% are white women, 3% are Black, and 3% are Latino
• 80% of all architects are white men, 16% are white women, 1% are black, and 1% are Latino
• 85% of all engineers are white men, 8% are White women, 4% are Black, and 3% are Latino.
• In Texas alone, 81% of all CEOs, executives, and business managers are white, 11% are Latino, 6% are Black, while Asians and other minorities make up only 2%.

These findings are from a report from the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies in Washington. The report shows that affirmative action programs have had some positive effects in opening new opportunities for minorities, but that the measurable benefits in terms of wages and employment have been quite small. The report concludes, " While affirmative action can be an effective policy tool, its impact is related to the vigor with which it's enforced." 

• The employment-population ratios (that is, the proportion of the population that is employed) for Whites (59.4 percent), Blacks (52.3 percent), Asians (59.9 percent), and Hispanics (59.0 percent) continued to trend down from 2009 to 2010.
• In 2010, Black men were less likely than men in other race and ethnicity groups to be in the labor force. Among men in the prime working-age group (age 25 to 54), the proportion of Blacks in the labor force (82.2 percent) was much lower than that of Whites (90.5 percent), Asians (89.3 percent), and Hispanics (91.5 percent). Among women age 25 to 54, the percentage of Hispanics in the labor force (67.9 percent) was lower than that for Whites (75.5 percent), Blacks (76.2 percent), and Asians (71.3 percent).
• Among adult men (age 20 and older), Hispanics continued to have the highest employment-population ratio at 72.9 percent in 2010, followed by Asians (70.9 percent) and Whites (67.9 percent). The employment- population ratio for Black men, at 57.5 percent, remained lower than the ratios for men in other groups in 2010, continuing a long-term pattern. Among adult women, Whites had the highest employment- population ratio, at 55.6 percent, followed by Blacks (55.1 percent) and Asians (55.0 percent). The ratio for Hispanic women (52.7 percent) continued to be lower.
• Black and Hispanic workers are less likely to be in management, professional, and related occupations— the highest paying major job category—than Asian and White workers.
• Among employed men, nearly half (48 percent) of Asians worked in management, professional, and related occupations in 2010, compared with 35 percent of Whites, 24 percent of Blacks, and 15 percent of Hispanics. About 4 in 10 employed Black and Hispanic men were in service jobs and sales and office jobs in 2010, whereas about 3 in 10 employed Asian and White men were in the same occupations. Employed Black and Hispanic men also were more likely than other men to work in production, transportation, and material moving occupations. Nearly one-half of employed Hispanic men were in two job groups—natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations; and production, transportation, and material moving occupations.
   
• Among the major race and ethnicity groups, Blacks had the highest unemployment rate in 2010 at 16.0 percent, compared with 12.5 percent for Hispanics, 8.7 percent for Whites, and 7.5 percent for Asians.
   
• Unemployment rates continued to be higher for Blacks and Hispanics across all major age and sex groups. In 2010, the rates for Black adult men and women (age 20 and older) were 17.3 and 12.8 percent, respectively. The jobless rate for Hispanic adult men was 11.7 percent, and the rate for Hispanic adult women was 11.4 percent. In comparison, the unemployment rate for White adult men was 8.9 percent, and the rate for White adult women was 7.2 percent. The unemployment rates for Asian adult men and women were 7.5 and 6.7 percent, respectively.
   
• Hispanics and Blacks have considerably lower earnings than Asians and Whites. In 2010, the median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers were $535 for Hispanics and $611 for Blacks, compared with $765 for Whites and $855 for Asians. The earnings of Black men ($633) and Hispanic men ($560) were 68 and 60 percent, respectively, of the earnings of Asian men ($936). Among women, the median earnings of Black women ($592) and Hispanic women ($508) were 77 and 66 percent, respectively, of the earnings of Asian women ($773). The median earnings for White men ($850) and White women ($684) were 91 and 88 percent of their Asian counterparts in 2010. 
   

Statistics from: http://www.bls.gov/cps/cpsrace2010.pdf

From these statistics, you can see how minorities, specifically blacks, Hispanics, and Asians are less in everything from education to type of job to wages. The only thing they are higher in is unemployment wages. Such statistics prove that affirmative action programs are much needed to guarantee equality for minorities.